What intentional interference can falsify GNSS signals?

What intentional interference can falsify GNSS signals?

• A. Spoofing
• B. Jamming
• C. Noise
• D. Intermittent outage

Answer: (A)

Spoofing is the deliberate transmission of counterfeit GNSS signals that imitate real satellites to mislead the receiver into computing a wrong position or time. By overpowering or closely matching authentic signals, an attacker can inject false pseudorange measurements (and Doppler information) so the receiver converges on a deceptive navigation solution. This is different from jamming, which simply degrades or blocks signals without providing believable data. Noise is random interference, not an intentional attempt to mislead, and an intermittent outage is just a temporary loss of reception rather than a crafted deceit.

Spoofing is the deliberate transmission of counterfeit GNSS signals that imitate real satellites to mislead the receiver into computing a wrong position or time. By overpowering or closely matching authentic signals, an attacker can inject false pseudorange measurements (and Doppler information) so the receiver converges on a deceptive navigation solution. This is different from jamming, which simply degrades or blocks signals without providing believable data. Noise is random interference, not an intentional attempt to mislead, and an intermittent outage is just a temporary loss of reception rather than a crafted deceit.